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A booklet oi lraorniaiion 

aboui $arderai\£) ior DUvfy 
men a.r\o women 














Mil. 



Putlivyked by 

AMERICAN FORt\^nOECO. 
Cleveland, 0. 




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Copyright, 1910, by 
American Fork & Hoe Company, Cleveland, Ohio 



HI.A259202 




CONTE/NTJ 



Introductory - 

Gardening for health and recreation 

Essentials of successful gardening 

Hints on vegetable gardening 

Hints on flower gardening 

What to plant and when to plant it 

A list of good books on gardening 

Index - 




10 

14 
16 
18 
24 
27 





THIS little book is written in order to bring to the 
attention of busy men and women, the first set of 
high-grade, well-selected garden-tools ever offered in 
a single complete outfit. 
The book also contains much valuable and interesting in- 
formation about gardening. It tells how a very small amount 
of land may yield the maximum results in health, happiness, 
and recreation at little expenditure of money, or labor. 

One obstacle to the enjoyment of these benefits has 
been the fact that heretofore it has been impossible to buy in 
one outfit just the right tools of guaranteed quality — tools that 
last long, and make the least demand on your time and strength. 

We have long been manufacturing garden-tools 
of unquestioned superiority in quality and design — 
in fact, the best garden-tools made in the world. 
Only recently, however, have we put on sale a com- 
plete set of guaranteed tools combined to meet all 
requirements. It is now for sale by leading dealers 
everywhere, under the name of the 

True Temper Outfit of Garden Tools: — 

One True Temper Special Hoe (Self-sharpening) 
One True Temper Solid Bow Steel Garden-Rake 
One True Temper Four-tined Spading-Fork 
One True Temper Hand-forged Steel Weeder 
One True Temper Steel-blade Turf-Edger 
One True Temper Solid Steel Garden-Trowel 
One 45-ft. Garden-Line, and Stakes 



Price of Outfit, Complete, $4.50 





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1 


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J 



IXTRODUCTORY 



On every outfit is a conspicuous label listing the tools, 
naming the price, and guaranteeing the contents and quality. 

If you cannot secure the outfit from your dealer, write to 
us direct, mentioning his name, and we'll make it our business 
to see you are supplied. 



American Fork & Hoe Company 

Executive Offices Cleveland, Ohio 





RDENING FOR 
1EALTH AM D RECREATION 



G A 




THE advantages of gardening as a source of health, recreation and 
profit are being recognized more and more with every year. It 
has been taken up by clever and capable people as a livelihood, 
and shown to be extremely profitable. 

The up-to-date farmer recognizes its value as a profitable adjunct to 
more extensive operations. 

Thousands who have been compelled by ill health to give up active 
business life have been restored to strength and self-support by contact 
with the bountiful earth. 

The wonderful results thus obtainable are now too well known to be 
questioned anywhere. 

But there is another vast field open for gardening, the development of 
which is still in its infancy. 

It possesses wonderful and largely unrealized 
possibilities for busy men and women who dwell 
in towns and cities, or their suburbs — who live, 
in the main, sedentary lives, with little time for 
recreation. 

Many persons so situated are deterred from 
taking up gardening by the fear that it will 
necessitate too much hard work, or a large 
amount of land or expense. 

Nothing need be farther from the truth. In 
fact, no hobby or recreation returns a larger 
interest in proportion to the original investment. 

With proper care, vegetables and flowers 
more than repay any outlay on seed, plants, fertilizer, tools or other accessories. 



Growing 
Interest :-.\ 
Gardening 




Its Possibilities 
for Busy Men 
and Women 



Docs not Re- 
quire Much 
Land, Labor 
or Expense 



GARDENING FOR HEALTH AND RECREATION 



Exercise More 

Beneficial 

When 

Agreeable 



A large piece of ground is not needed. In fact, some are discouraged 
simply because they plant a much larger area than they need to supply 
their wants. 

A small garden will yield a surprising wealth of fruit and blossom, and 
be all the easier to care for. It is not hard work, but regular and systematic 
work, that brings the results, both in the yield and in the health and happi- 
ness of the owner. 

Those who think they need large space for effective display would do 
well to note the illustrations on pages 7 and 9. 

They show better than words how luxuriant and decorative may be a 
small plot in the back yard, or a yard-wide strip along a boundary fence, 
house- wall, or veranda. 

A half-hour in the early morning or the long spring and summer 
twilight may actually result in adding years to a man's life. There is 
no question of the fact that many owe complete restoration from 
a serious, if not critical, physical condition, to the fact that they 
took up gardening. 

No medicine can equal the tonic of fresh air and vigorous exercise in the 
garden of the greatest of all physicians — Mother Xature. 

There is subtle but real influence in the soil, that gives blood and vigor 
to its votaries. 

It is well recognized that out-door exercise is far superior to in-door 
exercise. Also, that exercise must be thoroughly enjoyed to be truly 
beneficial. 

Here gardening is surely second to none; for it leads one into ever- 
growing perception of beauty, the study of new plants, new methods and 
new appreciation of the world of growing things. 

More than this, gardening brings immediate and visible rewards. The 
gardener sees the product of his toil growing under his hand, from day to 
day and month to month. 



GARDENING FOR HEALTH AND RECREATION 



He has the perfect rose of his own culture to exhibit to his friends. He- 
has the satisfaction of tasting his own melons — and the keen appetite to 
appreciate them. 

He sees, as he never saw before, the clothing of the earth in vernal 
green, the wealth of summer's fruits and flowers, the glory of the scarlet 
and gold in autumn. 

One of the most valuable results of such a hobby or recreation is its 
effect upon temperament. 

Though immersed in mercantile or professional life, the lover of flowers 
and vegetables carries about with him all day a bit of the blue sky and the 
green leaves, with maybe a snatch of song from a song-sparrow or a cheerful 
note from the robin. 

That vision helps wonderfully to smooth out some of the rough places. 
It gradually does away with care, worry and irritation. 

From the vacant lots and back yards of cities! to the farms of the open 
country, every summer witnesses a transformation of ugly surroundings 
into things of beauty. 

How much greater are the possibilities of intelligent development of 
one's own opportunities at home — where the lawns, shrubbery and garden 
can be utilized for decoration 
of truly artistic value. 

This book is intended to 
be of practical assistance to 
all who would know the great 
rewards of this finest of all rec- 
reations. 

Many hints will be found 
! n the following pages that 
may prove helpful to the 
beginner. 




Effect oj Gar- 
dening upon 
Temperament 



Beautifying 
One's Home 
Surroundings 




E NTI ALvf 
S S FVL GAR D EN 




NrO ONE should be deterred by the notion that gardening im- 
plies hard labor, great expense, or expert knowledge to start 
with; for nothing could be farther from the truth. 
The fine points in growing flowers, fruits and vegetables come, 
of course, gradually from reading and experience. 

In fact, one of the greatest of the many attractive features of gardening 
is that as one goes into it, he or she finds continually increasing interest in 
new species, methods, etc. 

But a clear understanding of a few simple principles is always helpful 
at the start. 

These may be summed up briefly as follows: 

1. Good, reliable tools; 

2. Proper preparation of the soil; 

:;. Cold-frames, hot-beds, and seed-beds; 

4. Good seeds or plants; 

5. Thorough cultivation; 

6. Fertilizing. 

It is a prime essential for the gardener to have good, reliable tools, and 
to know how they should be used. 

It is foolish for him to waste time and strength by doing with his hands, 
importance of QV w ftfa a rake, that which can be better done with a good hoe or weeder — 
just as it would be to cut his grass with a pair of shears instead of a lawn- 
mower. 

It is equally foolish to buy cheap, unreliable tools that are harder to 
use, wear out quickly, and always cost the most in the long run. 

For example, there are many different operations necessary in the 
cultivation of a single tomato-plant. Both time and expense are saved by 
using for each a reliable and properly adapted tool. 



ESSENTIALS ( >F SI '< \ 'ESSFl L GARDENING 



The seed-bed or cold-frame can be most easily pulverized with a spading- 
fork. 

The rake levels the surface with the least effort. 

A good weeder or a sharp hoe makes cultivation and weeding more like 
fun than work. 

Transplanting will be quickly and safely accomplished with a good 
trowel. 

And the garden-line makes it easy to lay off straight, trim rows. 

Now the tools enumerated above are all included in the True Temper The i n„ 
Garden Outfit. Its possession means that for a comparatively small initial Temper Outfit 
outlay, you have at the very start just the tools you need to meet con- Garden Tools 
tingencies as they arise. 

To purchase the tools one by one would take seven times as long; you 
would be less apt to get just the right combination ; you would be uncertain 
of securing the best quality; you might lack a most convenient tool just 
when you need it most. 

But the True Temper Garden Outfit saves you the time and trouble of 
investigation. It assures you of the fitness and quality of your tools. 

Every one of these, in the first place, has the True Temper label — showing 
that it is the very best of its kind that we make. In fact, it is impossible to 
make better tools than those in the Garden Outfit. 

Secondly — each tool is specially adapted to a certain purpose, which no 
other tool can equally well discharge. 

Thirdly — not one is superfluous ; every kind of garden needs each one 
of the seven tools. 

Fourthly — our absolute guarantee of contents and quality is printed 
upon the label of every outfit. 

We make, of course, a great variety of other tools, and do not mean to 
say that others could not be used to advantage in many if not in all gardens. 

But those included in this outfit are sufficient. In other words, they 



12 ESSENTIA LS OF SUCCESSFUL GARDENING 

represent the maximum amount of efficiency at the minimum of trouble 
and expense. 

With these in your possession, you are fully equipped. Whatever you 
have need for on any particular day, you will find here ready for use. 

You can be sure that they will not bend, break or fail you just when 
you need them most. 

In short, the first essential is now disposed of — you have the tools, and 
can consider the preparation of your soil. 

If your ground is low or damp, it should be drained. In a small garden 
Good this can be accomplished by planting in beds raised above the level of the 
Drainage p at h Si ^y having the rows run in the same direction as the general slope, 
and by ditching on the lower side. 

This can all be done as the garden is spaded and cultivated, and need 
not be troublesome or expensive. 

On the other hand, if your garden is too dry, it should be dug deeply, 
kept level, and the rows run at right angles to the general slope. Also, 
provision should be made for watering with hose in very dry weather. 

Seed-beds are easily made, and very useful. They may be in the open 
Seed- ground, or, for early varieties, inclosed by a frame of lumber, and covered 
with boards or glass. 

The soil should be rich and mellow. For forcing, the necessary heat can 
be obtained by an under-dressing of manure, firmed down several inches 
below surface. 

Some such provision for raising young plants is very important. Seed 
is not expensive, but poor, spindling plants are. It is better to sow freely, 
thin out, and finally transplant the biggest and stockiest plants, whether 
flowers or vegetables. 

The reward in increased bloom or fruit will greatly outweigh any addi- 
tional trouble. 

Furthermore — the shock of removal is minimized when the plant has to 
be carried but a few yards and the roots exposed for only a few moments. 



Beds 



ESSENTIALS OE SUCCESSFUL GARDES IXC 



13 



Buy your seed only from reputable and experienced seedsmen. It pays. 
A few cents saved by the purchase of poor seed, means dollars buried in 
fertilizer and cultivation, and the loss of half your pride and pleasure in the 
garden. 

Thorough cultivation is perhaps the most important of all. It is this 
that brings health, vigor and fruit — both to the plant and to gardener. The 
frequent stirring of the surface soil kills the principal. enemies of the plant 
— the weeds — and preserves the moisture in the soil, without which vege- 
tables and flowers perish, or become dwarfed and stunted. Both rake and 
hoe should be used constantly, so that the surface soil is kept loose and as 
finely pulverized as possible. 

A full discussion of the subject of fertilizing would be impossible in a 
book of this character. The amounts and kinds of fertilizer to be used 
depend on the character and condition of the soil, and must vary in different 
cases. 

It is eternally true, however, that what is taken from the soil should be 
returned to it again; and money spent on manure or commercial' fertilizer, 
wisely used, will more than pay for itself in increased size, appearance and 
quality of the product. 



Good 
Seed 



Thorough 
< 'uliivation 
Necessary 



Fertilising 
Depends on 
Character 

of Soil 




Why 

Home-grown 
Vegetables 
Are Best 



The Vegetable 

Garden may be 

Attractive in 

Appearance 





GAR DENING 



NO one who has tasted peas, lettuce, sweet-corn, beets, melons 
or cucumbers of his own raising can ever be quite satisfied with 
others. 
The world shrugs its shoulders and says it is merely because 
the gardener is carried away by his own enthusiasm, or that his exercise has 
given him a better appetite. 

But the world is wrong. Home-grown vegetables are better than the 
ones you buy, and for several reasons. 

In the first place, they are always fresh. They come to the table fresh 
from the dew or the warm, up-turned earth. 

Then, too, they are usually of superior varieties. The professional 
gardener selects the hardiest, or most prolific, or earliest varieties — not 
necessarily the best. He wants those that are least liable to disease ; that 
give the biggest yield to the acre, or the biggest individual specimens, or 
will first reach the market — not those of finest flavor. 

This chief object of the market-gardener — the cash return — often leads 
to another inferiority in his product. He picks either too soon — in order to 
reach an early market, or too late — in order to get size. 

In the home-garden you do neither. You can have beets, cucumbers, 
radishes, or peas when they are small, sweet and tender. Your melons and 
tomatoes can be picked when full-ripe. Everything will be perfectly fresh. 
None but the experienced know what a difference this makes. 

We are only too apt to speak of flowers alone as "beautiful" and of 
vegetables as "homely," "useful," etc., forgetting that all thriving and 
luxuriant plants are beautiful. 

A trim garden of vegetables, well laid out in even rows, with fresh, 
healthy plants, may be ornamental in the highest degree. 



HINTS ON VEGETABLE GARDENING 



15 



It would be hard indeed to imagine anything more delicately graceful 
than the long leaves of the corn and its feathery tassels waving in the 
breeze. 

If planted with some regard to appearances, your garden will attract 
favorable comment from all visitors. 

Splendid results may be attained without great expense, labor or expert 
knowledge. 

Cultivation and moisture are the great essentials, and if you keep down 
the weeds, you are pretty sure to keep up your own interest and enthusiasm. 

An elaborate treatise on growing vegetables would be out of place here — 
more especially as any of the books listed on page 24 will give all needed 
information. 

But we may emphasize a few little things that are overlooked almost as 
often by the practical farmer as by the beginner. 

Give each plant plenty of room for its roots. The yield will not increase 
with the number of plants to a row — within reasonable limits, the result 
will be exactly the other way. 

Thinning out plants or fruit means often great increase in the size and 
perfection of those left. Don't be afraid to do it. 

Never let weeds, bugs, or plant-diseases get ahead of you. If taken at 
the start it is generally easy to combat them. 

Do not overdo watering. Cultivation is a better way to keep the soil 
moist, except in very dry weather. But when you do water, do it thoroughly. 
Turn on the hose and let it run all night. 

When transplanting, select only the sturdiest and stockiest plants. It 
pays. Nothing is gained by trying to save the weak or spindling. A healthy 
plant will bear in half the time. 



Tilings to 

Guard 
Against 



Plan for 

Your Garden 

Early 



Decorative 

Feature 

Important 



Hardy 
Flowers for 

Every Season 





H I -N ~ 
FLOWER 



HERE will be many leisure moments when the family can sit 
around the table and plan the flower garden for next summer. 

This, in itself, is an occupation of fascinating interest; and it 
will add greatly to your satisfaction with the results next summer. 

A list of books will be found on page 24 of this booklet giving many 
sources of helpful illustration and suggestion. 

In your planning, remember that your object is not merely to have an 
abundance of the flowers that you like best, but quite as much to have 
them so appropriately planted as to make the whole garden decorative. 
The color-scheme should be harmonious, and its effect in relation to house, 
fences, outbuildings, etc., considered. 

Try to arrange for a constant succession of bloom, so that you will have 
no break from the crocuses and snowdrops of early spring to the chrysan- 
themums of fall. 

The old familiar hardy favorites are the best. Almost every day through 
the long season, something new comes into bloom. Your garden is ever 
beautiful, never wearisome. 

Snowdrops blossom in early March, to be followed rapidly by scillas, 
crocuses, gorgeous tulips, and the endless varieties of narcissi. 

Before May, columbines, oriental poppies and irises give color to the 
garden; while the purple and white lilacs vie with flaming Japan quinces, 
delicately tinted magnolias, and other flowering shrubs. 

June brings us the hardy rose to queen it over every other flower; but 
rhododendrons, kalmias, peonies and a wealth of other blossoms are hardly 
second in importance. 

The long summer sees a constant succession from Japanese irises and 
lilies, gaily attired phlox, yuccas with clustered bells, flaming tiger-lilies and 
tall hollyhocks, to great nodding sunflowers, hydrangeas, campanulas and a 



HINTS ON FLOWER GARDENING 



' 7 



bewildering multitude of color and sweetness to call the honey-bees and 
butterflies, without whose drowsy murmur or fluttering wings the summer 
charm is incomplete. 

Fall finds us with much still left to delight and charm, hardily weathering 
the early frosts and blooming till the killing cold of winter, such as the 
Japanese anemones, and our old friends, the hardy chrysanthemums. * 

Few realize how rapidly one's stock of plants and bulbs increases without 
any great annual outlay. The hollyhock bed in spring will be full of tiny 
seedlings that can be transplanted ; golden-glow will thrive and spread like 
a weed; geraniums, begonias, colei, furnish innumerable cuttings for propa- 
gation; and when you take up your dahlias, or cannas, you will be amazed 
at the yearly increase. 

It is better to begirt with the hardier varieties, and thus have success 
from the start. Once interested, there is little doubt that you will rapidly 
extend your knowledge, and in a few years know how to deal with the 
rarest affd most delicate plants, if you wish to have them. 

Finally, there are many excellent magazines and a host of good books, 
any one of which will give you, for a small outlay, all the practical advice 
you need. You can add to your garden literature as you add to your 
experience. (See list of books on gardening printed on page 24.) 



How Rapidly 

Flowers Repro- 
duce themselves 



Begin with 

the Hardies: 



Good Advice 
Always at 
Hand 



*An excellent list of one hundred plants for an all-year garden, by Leonard Barron, 
was published in the issue of The Garden Magazine for October, 1909. 





W H AT TO PLANT 
AND WHEN TO PLANT IT 



THIS booklet is not intended as a scientific treatise on gardening. 
There are many excellent works on the subject, and the reader 
will find a list, on pages 24 to 26, from which he can readily choose 
one that is both within his means and suited to his needs. 
But it may not be amiss to give a little practical information in concise, 
popular form, about the proper time and way to plant some of the vegetables 
and flowers that will find a place in nearly every garden. 

I— VEGETABLES 

Asparagus — Once an asparagus-bed is established, it will give excellent results from 
even a very small space. Asparagus can be raised from seed, but in most cases it 
will be more convenient to buy the roots. Set roots six inches deep, 24x36 inches 
apart. They need rich soil. Do not cut heavily the first season. Cut off and burn 
stalks in fall. 

Lima Beans — Sow in May, one quart seed to every 100 feet, or 100 hills. Either 
bush or pole-limas will prove satisfactory. Do not plant beans too early. Beans 
will rot and fail to sprout, if planted in cold, wet soil. Wait till it becomes thoroughly 
warm and dry. If you use poles, be sure to set them before sowing the beans. No 
second planting is necessary. Limas will bear from July or August to frost. 

String Beans — Sow at intervals of two or three weeks from May to August. Thin 
to one foot apart, two feet between rows. Most beginners err by leaving plants too 
close, and planting too much ground. Beans are very prolific and will not need 
nearly as much space as peas. Like limas, they should not be planted till the ground 
is warm. 

Beets — Sow April to August, one ounce to 50 feet of drill, one and one-half inches 
deep. Thin or transplant to 9x18 inches. Sow every two or three weeks for early 
varieties. Beets are best if used when small and tender. The best results are 
probably obtained by sowing in drills in small quantities. This will take up very 
little space in the garden, and furnish an abundant supply of vigorous seedlings for 
transplanting. 



WHAT TO PLANT AND WHEN TO PLANT IT ig 

Cabbage — Seed can be sown indoors in February or March ; outdoors, Mayandjune. 
Cover seed a half-inch. One ounce seed will give 2000 plants. It is perhaps more 
convenient for most people to buy the young plants, and set them out 2x3 feet apart. 
Cabbage will do well, with a little precaution against the cabbage-worm. 

Cauliflower — Same directions as for cabbage. Cauliflower, however, needs more- 
care and better soil, as well as more water. 

Chard, Swiss — Becoming more popular, as it is easily grown and furnishes abundant 
leaves to cook and serve like beet-greens or spinach. Will thrive until frost. Sown 
in drills one and one-half inch, one ounce to 50 feet. Thin to six or nine inches. 

Com — Reserve plenty of space in the garden for sweet-corn. Sow in hills 8x3 feet 
as soon as ground is thoroughly warm in May. Thin to three or four stalks to a hill. 
Do not plant too many hills at once, but sow a few every two or three weeks until 
July. Plant first a good early variety, then Golden Bantam, then a main crop variety. 

Cress — Water-cress will grow in damp soil as well as in water. Sow April to July, 
one ounce to 50 feet, one-quarter inch deep. Thin to three or four inches apart. 
After cutting it will grow again. 

C'ui imibcr — Make hills good and rich with compost or well-rotted manure, 3x3 feet 
apart. One ounce seed for 50 hills. Thin to two or three vines to hill or even less. 
White Spine is the best general-purpose variety. Cucumbers may have to be sprayed 
to prevent disease — and prevention is much better than cure. The fruit should not 
be allowed to grow too large. Pick before the shell and seeds begin to harden. 

Egg-Plant — Can be sown indoors in February or March. One ounce seed to 1000 
plants, a half-inch deep; but young plants can easily be procured and set out when 
ground is thoroughly warm and dry. Set them 3x3 feet. It pays to pinch back the 
bloom, allowing only a few fruits to the plant. These will develop faster and grow 
larger. 

Lettuce — Sow indoors or in hot-bed in February and March. It will stand fairly 
early transplanting, and should have a good start before hot weather comes. With 
good cultivation, lettuce can be made in open ground, though it will not make as 
large or firm heads as under glass. There are several good varieties, however, that can 
be sowed in open ground and cut as soon as leaves are five or six inches long. Lettuce 
needs shallow cultivation and water. 



WHAT TO PLANT AND HOW TO PLANT IT 



Melons. — Musk-melon, one ounce to 60 hills; water-melon, one ounce to 50 hills; 
hills should be 4 or 5 feet apart. Follow directions for cucumbers. 

Onions — To make large onions, sow indoors in February and set out in April or May, 
6 inches to a foot apart in the row. Onion-sets can be planted very early in open ground 
and can be pulled and eaten from May on, when small and tender. 

Peas — Everyone likes to have plenty of early peas. Sow every two weeks April to 
June, 3 inches deep. For a constant supply you need to give up more space in your 
garden than to any other crop except corn. But the early plantings will be through 
bearing in time to use the same ground for beans, beets or other vegetables. 

Pepper — It is best to buy the young plants and set out 1 ' < feet by 2 or 3 when ground 
is warm. They require little care, and a few plants will yield abundantly till frost. 

Radish — Scarlet Turnip, French Breakfast and Long Scarlet are popular varieties. 
Radishes mature very rapidly. Need warm, fairly rich soil. Should be eaten when 
small and tender. Soil must not be too wet. Sow every week or ten days. 

Spinach — Sow one ounce to 100 feet of drill, one inch deep; thin to six inches; rows 
18 inches apart. Sown in spring it will give good supply for summer. By sowing thick- 
leaved winter varieties in October, and mulching with leaves or straw, you can have 
spinach very early in the following spring. 

Squashes — Sow in May and June, one ounce to 50 hills, one inch deep. Give them 
plenty of room, three to four feet for bush and six to eight feet for late. Squashes 
can be cooked in an astonishing variety of ways, and every garden should have a few 
hills each of the crook-neck and white scallop summer squashes and the late Hub- 
bard and Marrow varieties. They are rank growers and very prolific. Two or three 
hills of each kind will supply a family. 

Tomatoes — The tomato is also a prolific vegetable, and a dozen plants will yield more 
than the ordinary family can use. Plants can easily be raised from seed, sown indoors 
or in hot-bed in February; but most people will find it more convenient to buy them,- 
if the desired varieties can be obtained. Tomato-culture has advanced tremendously 
in recent years. It is now well known that the vines should be kept back to a single 
stem by pinching off the runners as soon as they start from the bud. They should also 
be trained to stakes. The yield of a given area may be doubled by these methods, and 
the fruit improved in size and quality. 



WHAT TO PLANT AND HOW TO PLANT IT 



II— FLOWERS 

Ageratum — One of the best blue flowering annuals. Dwarf varieties suitable for 
edging; taller growing kinds excellent for beds and borders. Does well in any garden- 
soil. Start seeds in flats in house or cold-frame, and transplant to garden after danger 
of frost is over. 

Aster (China)— Start seeds in cold-frames in early spring or sow out of doors when 
danger of frost is over, thinning out to one foot apart. Asters require deep, rich soil that 
has had a liberal top-dressing of wood-ashes spaded into it. For specimen flowers, 
pinch back side-buds, allowing full strength of plant to develop terminal bud. By 
selection and cross-breeding, modern floriculturists have produced marvelously beauti- 
ful varieties in the China Aster family. . 

Calendula — One of the easiest grown annuals. Will thrive in any location ; and the 
deep-orange blossoms, if picked as fast as they fade, will produce a beautiful bed or 
border until frost. Sow seeds where they are to grow, after danger of frost is over, 
thinning out to six or eight inches apart after plants are up. 

Canterbury Bell — Plant seeds in August in cold-frame, allowing seedlings to winter 
over in frames. Transplant to garden in early spring where they will blossom in early 
summer. There are many beaaitiful varieties of the Canterbury Bell family. 

Candytuft — Sow in open ground in fall or in early spring. Dwarf varieties make 
effective edgings. The hardy variety of Candytuft (Iberis) is one of the most beautiful 
of the spring-blooming flowers. 

Columbine — Start seed in cold-frame in August, and allow plants to winter over in 
frame. Transplant to garden in early spring. Varieties — Caerula, Helenae and Cana- 
densis are especially desirable. Seeds may also be sown directly in open ground in earlv 
spring. 

Coreopsis — A perennial that may be grown as an annual. Sow seeds in frames in 
August, allowing seedlings to winter over in frames. Set out early in spring in any good 
garden soil, where they will give a constant succession of starry golden blossoms until 
frost. Faded flowers should be kept picked. Seeds planted in open ground in spring 
will produce blossoming plants in late summer. 

Cosmos — Plant seeds about April 10th in cold-frames, and transplant to garden 
when danger from frost is over. Will do well in almost any soil in full sunlight. Beauti- 
ful starry, pink, white and crimson blossoms in September and October. Seeds may 
also be started in open ground after danger of frost is < tver. 



WHAT TO PLANT AND HOW TO PLANT IT 



Dahlia — Generally propagated by root-division, but just as easily grown from seed. 
Dahlias come in many beautiful varieties and colors and should be grown in deep, rich 
soil. By allowing only one shoot from below the ground to develop, much sturdier 
plants are secured. 

Foxglove — Well-known perennials and biennials. Sow seeds in spring, and transplant 
as soon as plants are large enough to handle. Transplant again to permanent position 
in border in October. Any good soil. 

Four O'Clock — Sow seeds outdoors, where plants are to grow, after danger from frost 
is over. Thin out to one foot. Quicker germination of seed is promoted by soaking in 
hot water several hours before sowing. Sunny situation. 

Gaillardia— One of the best of perennials and a prolific bloomer. Sow seeds in frame 
in August, and winter over plants in frame, transplanting in early spring. Or maybe 
sown outdoors in early spring, and will blossom same year. Immense yellow flowers with 
red center. Moderately rich soil. 

Hollyhock — Sow seed in frames in August, and allow seedlings to winter over there. 
Transplant in early spring to very deep rich soil. Hollyhocks are subject to blight that 
can be controlled by spraying with Bordeaux mixture or other fungicides. 

Larkspur — Tall, stately perennials of richest blue. Hybrid varieties run largely to 
light-blue, while the variety known as "Formosum" has deep indigo-blue flowers. There 
is also an annual variety. Plant seeds in frames in August, and allow plants to winter 
over there. Transplant to deep, rich soil in early spring. 

Mignonette — A favorite sweet-scented flower that must be sown where the plants 
are to grow, as they do not bear transplanting well. Any fairly rich garden-soil. 

Nasturtium — Sow out of doors where plants are to remain, in May. Thin out to six 
inches apart. Any soil. 

Pansy — Plant seeds in early summer in rich soil, transplanting seedlings to cold-frame 
in September or October. Frames will be a mass of bloom in April and May. Seeds 
sown in open ground in April will produce blooming plants for late summer and fall. 

Petunia — Sow in flats in house during February or March, taking care not to allow 
seeds to be any more than just covered by the soil. Transplant to open when danger 
of frost is past. Seeds can also be sown out of doors where they are to grow, but must be 
protected by newspapers or boards from the sun's rays until germinated. Petunias 
thrive in any good garden -soil. 



WHAT TO PLANT AND HOW TO PLANT IT 



23 



Poppy {Annual) — Seed can be sown broad-cast in fall or in early spring. Must be 
sown in beds where they are to grow, as they will not readily bear transplanting. Poppy 
plants do not suffer from early frosts. 

Poppy {Perennial) — These are among the most gorgeous flowers of May and early 
June. Seeds should be sown in frames in spring, and transplanted as soon as plants are 
large enough. They should be again transplanted to their permanent locations in 
September or October. Rich garden -loam. 

Sweet Peas — Trenches should be prepared one foot in depth (at least) and the soil 
thoroughly mixed with manure and wood-ashes. Fill up trench to four inches from 
surface of ground, and sow seeds at this level in early spring, just covering them over 
with soil. As seeds germinate and begin to grow, gradually fill in trench until level 
with surface of ground. Spencer varieties especially desirable. 

Spider Plant — Sow seeds where plants are to grow, in any good garden-soil. Flowers 
are pink and white with curious shapes that are responsible for the plant's name. Very 
effective when grown in clumps — three feet high. 

Zinnia — The easiest flower to grow, succeeding anywhere and everywhere. Plan 
seeds in beds where plants are to remain, and thin out to eight or ten inches apart when 
plants are about three weeks old. 





L I or-r OF GOOD 
OKvT ON GARDENING 



THE list of books given below is not by any means all-inclusive. 
It is not intended to form a complete library on the subject, but 
to give the reader a choice of good, reliable information from 
books that proved their usefulness. 
Those who do not wish to be put to great expense can find here several 
inexpensive books that will meet all average requirements. At the same 
time we have included some of the most elaborate and comprehensive, 
for the benefit of anyone who may wish to follow up the subject in greater 
detail. 

The -headings introducing each group indicate the general character of 
the books listed. 

GARDEN AND FLORICULTURE 



Name of Book 


Author 


Price 


Published By 


Another Hardv Garden 
Book 


Helena R. Ely 


SI .87 


The Maemillan Company 
New York City 


Book of English Gardens, 


M. R. Cloag 


2 . 00 


The Maemillan Company 
New York City 


Flower Garden, The 


Ida D. Bennett 


1 .27 


Doubleday, Page & Co., 

133 East 16th Street, 

New York City 


Flower Gardening 


T. Bridgeman 


.50 


John C. Winston & Co., 
1006 Arch Street, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 



Four Seasons in a Garden Eben E. Rexford 
Garden Beautiful, The W. Robinson 



1.50 The J. B. Lippincott Co. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 



4.00 



('has. Scribner's Sons, 
New York City 

Garden Month by Month, Mabel C. Sedgwick 4.00 The Frederick Stokes Co. 
and R. Cameron 333 4th Avenue, 

New York City 



The 



GOOD BOOKS ON GARDENING 



25 



Name of Hook 
Home Floriculture 



Author 
Eben E. Rexford 



Home Garden, The Eben E. Rexford 

Horticulturist's Rule Book L. H. Bailey 
Kitchen Gardening T. Bridgeman 



Simple Flower Garden for Chas. Barnard 
Country Homes, A 



Wall and Water Gardens Gertrude Jekyll 
Water Gardening: Peter Bissett 



Wild Garden, The 



W. Robinson 



Woman's Hardy Garden, Helena R. Ely 
A 



Wood and Gardei 



Gertrude Jekyll 



Price Published By 

$1 .0(1 The Orange Judd Co., 

bill Lafayette Street, 
New York City 

1 .1'.") The I. B. Lippincott Co. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

.85 The Macmillan Co., 

New York City 

.50 John C. Winston & Co. 

L006 Arch Street, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

.40 John C. Winston & Co. 

KM )C. Arch Street, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

4.00 Charles Scribner's Sons 

New York City 

2.50 A. T. De La Mare Printing 
& Publishing Co., Ltd., 
2 Duane Street, 
New York City 

4 . 80 Charles Scribner's Sons 

New York City 

. 7.3 Grosset & Dunlap 

.">L> Duane Street, 
New York City 

3.75 Charles Scribner's Sons 

New York City 



VEGETABLE GARDENING 



How to Make a Vegetable Edith L. Fullerton $2.00 Doubleday, Page & Co., 
Garden 133 East 16th Street, 

New York City 



Vegetable Garden, The Ida D. Bennett 

Principles of Vegetable L. H. Bailey 

Gardening 



1.50 Doubleday, Page & Co., 
133 East 16th Street, 
New York City 

1.2.5 The Macmillan, Co. 

New York City 



26 



GOOD BOOKS ON GARDENING 



Name of Book 
Vegetable Culture for 
Amateurs 



Author Price Published By 

W. J. May SI. 00 Charles Scribner's Sons, 

New York City 



SUMPTUOUS GARDENING BOOKS 



American Country Homes J. C. Baker 
and Their Gardens 



American Gardens 
Italian Gardens 

Some English Gardens 
Garden Color 



Guy Lowell 
Geo. S. Elgood 



Cyclopedia of American 
Agriculture 

English Flower Garden, W. Robinson 
The 



Jekyll and Elgood 12.00 



Margaret Waterfield 

and others 6.60 



CYCLOPEDIC WORKS 
L. H. Bailev $20.80 



$5.00 John C. Winston & Co., 

1006 Arch Street 
New York City 

7.50 Bates & Guild, 

Boston, Mass. 

12.00 Longmans, Green & Co., 

91 Fifth Avenue, 
New York City 



Longmans, Green & Co. 

91 Fifth Avenue, 

New York City 

E. P. Dutton & Co., 

31 W. 23rd Street, 

New York Citv 



The Macmillan Co., 
New York City 

6.60 Charles Scribner's Sons, 

New York City 



Convenient Tables for Planting Both Flowers and Vegetables 



A comprehensive list of flowers and vegetables with tables showing time to plant, 
amount of seed required, season of bloom or fruit, description of variety and other 
useful information, was printed in the issue of Suburban Life for March, 1909. It 
will be found exceedingly useful for reference. This magazine is published by the 
Suburban Press of Harrisburg, Pa., New York and Boston, from whom copies may be 
obtained. 



rage 

Ageratum 21 

Asparagus 18 

Aster 21 

Beans IS 

Beets IS 

Beautifying home-surroundings. 1!) 

Books on Gardening 24, 25, 2G 

Cabbage 19 

Calendula 21 

Candytuft 21 

Canterbury Bell 21 

Cauliflower 19 

Chard 19 

Columbine 21 

Coreopsis 21 

Corn 19 

Cosmos 22 

Cress 19 

Cucumber 1 ( . ) 

Cultivation 13 

Dahlia 22 

Decorative value of gardening. . 16 

Directions for planting 18-23 

Drainage of soil 12 

Effect of gardening on tempera- 
ment 9 

Egg-plant 19 

Essentials of successful gardening 1 ( ) - 1 3 

Exercise as related to gardening 8, 17 

Fertilizing 13 

Flower-gardening, hints on . . . . 1(5, 17 

Flowers, advantage of hardy ... 16, 17 

Flowers appropriate to seasons. Hi, 17 



Page 

Four o'clock 22 

Fox-glove 22 

Gaillardia 22 

Gardening: 

Beautifies home-surroundings i) 

Books on 24, 25, 26 

Does not imply great expense 7, 10 
Does not need much land. ... 7, 8, 10 

Essentials of success in 10-13 

For health and recreation. ... 7-9 
Possibilities for busy men and 

women 7 

Visible rewards of 9 

Hardv varieties, their advan- 
tages Hi, 17 

PAGE 

Hints on flower-gardening 16 

Hints on vegetable-gardening . . 14 

Hollyhock 

Home-grown vegetables, whv 

best 14 

How to grow vegetables 15 

How to have a constant succes- 
sion of bloom 16, 17 

Introductory 5 

Larkspur 22 

Lettuce 19 

Lima beans 18 

List of books on gardening. . . .24, 25, 26 

Melons 20 

Mignonette 22 

Nasturtium 22 

Pansy 22 

Peas 20 



28 



INDEX 



Pepper 20 

Petunia 22 

Planting-tables 26 

Poppy 23 

Price of True Temper Outfit ... 5 

Radish 20 

Seed should be reliable 13 

How much top land 18-23 

Seed-beds 12 

Small gardens, possibilities of . . 8 

Soil, treatment of 12, 13 

Spider-plant 23 

Spinach 20 

Squashes 20 

Sweet peas 23 



Tables for planting 

Thinning plants 1 

Tomatoes 

Tools, importance of 

True Temper Outfit of garden 

tools 

Vegetable-gardening, hints on. 
Vegetable-gardening may be 

attractive 

Vegetables, how to raise 

What to plant and when to plant 

it 

Why home-grown vegetables are 

best 

Zinnia 



26 

2, 15 

20 

10 

5, 11 
14 

14 
15 




LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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